Assignment On Literature Review
Title For Research: - Deprivation of the Human Rights
Literature and Perennial Alienation in the Novels of Khaled Hosseini
Ph.D Student: - Reena Khasatiya
In the subject of ENGLISH under the faculty of Arts,
Maharaja Krishnkumarsinhji University, Bhavnagar
A Table of all works reviewed or considered for review
STEP: 1
Table. 1 Names of the journals or books
and the numbers of the relevant articles included.
|
Sr. No
|
Name of the Journal or
Book
|
Total Number of
Articles & Books Relevant
|
Name of the Articles or
Books Relevant
|
|
1
|
JSTOR
|
19
|
7
|
|
2
|
SCOUPS
|
|
|
|
3
|
Elsevier
|
6
|
1
|
|
4
|
Academia
|
17
|
5
|
|
5
|
International Journal of all
Research and Scientific Methods
|
1
|
1
|
|
6
|
Asian Journal of Multidisciplinary
Studies
|
12
|
2
|
|
7
|
Human Rights Watch
|
8
|
1
|
|
8
|
Books
|
10
|
9
|
|
9
|
Shodhganga
|
12
|
1
|
|
10
|
.gov.website
|
4
|
1
|
|
11
|
Springer
|
7
|
1
|
|
12
|
Journal of Research in Humanities
and Social Science
|
1
|
1
|
|
13
|
Quest Journal
|
2
|
1
|
|
|
Total
|
99
|
31
|
Table. 2 Research studies on Human Rights
Literature
|
Sr. no
|
Referred Articles/
Reference
|
General Findings
|
Theory/ Approach Used
|
Research Focus
|
|
1
|
Human Rights: An interdisciplinary
Approach
Author _ Michael Freeman
|
-Crimes against humanity
And the stance of Human Rights in
ordinary people’s Everyday life.
-Human Rights Law And UN
|
Analytical and Descriptive
Method
|
Globalization, Development, Poverty:
Economics and
Human Rights
|
|
2
|
Emerging Areas of Human Rights in the 21st Century
The Role of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights
Edited
By_ Marco Odello, Sofia Cavandoli
|
Book widely talk about the
relationship between human rights and political institutions. What are the challenges in this area and
what can be the solution is key concern of research.
|
Analytical and Descriptive
Method
|
Human rights and political
institutions.
What is the role of government for
challenges in human rights at present.
|
|
3
|
Taliban Rule 2.0 in Afghanistan: A
Brief Overview
Author_ Sikandar Ansari
|
Immerging Taliban in Afghanistan
and Historical background of country. The reign of Taliban and life of
ordinary human. In addition, the effect of War on society.
|
Analytical and Descriptive
Method
|
Condition of human rights in the
reign of Taliban in Afghanistan at present.
|
|
4
|
Sharia and Women’s rights in
Afghanistan Author_Anastasiya
Hozyainova
|
Law and Women’s rights in Afghanistan. Detailed
Data shows the place of women in public life as well in politics.
|
Analytical and Descriptive
Method
|
Women and Human rights.
|
|
5
|
Challenges in Human Rights: A
Social Work Perspective
|
Human Rights in the Twenty first
century: Creating a new paradigm for social work and Human Rights Violations
Against Female Offenders and inmates.
|
Analytical and Descriptive
Method
|
|
STEP: 2
Annoted Bibliography of selected work in
an alphabetical order
1 Challenges in Human Rights: A Social Work
Perspective
Edited by_ Elisabeth Reichert
In the above mentioned book Elisabeth Reichert
demonstrate how approaching social work from a human rights perspective can
profoundly affect legislation, resource management, and enforcement of
policies. She writes, However, in applying human rights to contemporary
situations, social workers often encounter challenges that require thinking
outside the box.
Topics include the reconciliation of cultural
relativism with universal human rights; the debate over whether human rights
truly promote economic and social development or simply allow economically developed
societies to exploit underdeveloped countries; the role of gender in the
practice of human rights and many more areas are covered by Elisabeth.
2 Emerging Areas of Human Rights in the 21st
Century: The Role of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights
Edited By_ Marco Odello, Sofia Cavandoli
“Emerging Areas
of Human Rights in the 21st Century: The Role of the Universal
Declaration of Human Rights” was written by Abdullahi Ahmed An-Na’im. It was
published by Routledge, an academic publisher of books, journals, and online
resources in the humanities and social sciences. One of the strengths of
An-Na’im’s book is its focus on practical solutions for protecting human rights
in the face of these new challenges. He argues that international institutions,
civil society organizations, and governments must work together to develop new
frameworks for protecting human rights in these emerging areas. This includes
creating new international treaties, establishing new human rights
institutions, and developing new policies and programs to address the specific
challenges facing these groups.
One of the strengths of this book is its focus on
practical solutions for protecting human rights in these emerging areas.
An-Na’im suggests creating new international treaties, establishing new human
rights institutions, and developing new policies and programs to address the
specific challenges facing these groups.
3 Human Rights: An interdisciplinary Approach
Author _ Michael Freeman
Michael Freeman has written extensively on human
rights. “Human Rights: An interdisciplinary Approach” is his notable work. This
book has been praised for its comprehensive and accessible approach to the
study of human rights. This analysis throws light on some of the most
controversial issues in the field: What are the causes of human-rights
violations? Is the idea of universal human rights consistent with respect for
cultural difference? Are we living in a ‘post-human rights’ world? (John Wiley
& Sons)
https://scholar.google.co.in/scholar?hl=en&as_sdt=0%2C5&as_vis=1&q=human+Rights+&btnG=#d=gs_qabs&t=1683309382576&u=%23p%3Djl4fiAVPAj0J
The concept of human rights becomes relevant in
ordinary people when the relative security of everyday life is absent or
snatched away. It has been said that human rights are most needed when they are
most violated. The Universal declaration claims that human rights are the
foundation of freedom, justice and peace, but does not say how these values are
related conceptually or empirically.
Moreover, in this book Freeman focus on the rise and
fall of natural rights, justice and rights, Universality Diversity and
difference: Culture and Human rights etc,.
4 Rule 2.0 in
Afghanistan: A Brief Overview Author_ Sikandar Ansari
In this recently published article Sikandar Ansari makes
sense of Who is Taliban? And it’s historical background. He writes, The word
Taliban is a Pashtun word. It means student. Looking at the history of the
Taliban, a new government was formed in Afghanistan after the Soviet-Afghan
war. After the formation of new government, it is believed that this new
government failed to establish peace. That is why the conflict of power started
between various organization in Afghanistan. In this situation, a popular religious
organization ‘Mujaheddin’ emerged. This organization started with 50 students
from a small madrasah in Kandahar. This organization was later renamed the
‘Taliban’.
In it’s first five years of rule ( 1996-2001) Taliban
has made such rules like,
a) Women’s right to education and freedom were
restricted.
b) Prohibiting women from going out without a male
guardian in a family.
c) Compulsory for women to wear burqa and hijab and bears
are mandatory for men.
d) Banned television, movies, video, music, dance and
sports.
e) Coping of western clothing and culture is
prohibited.
f) Shia Muslims are killed if they do not convert to
Sunni.
g) The historic sculpture art Buddha statue was
demolished.
Furthermore, the situation of minority Sikhs and
Hindus was not good, and millions of Afghanis sought refuge in the peshwa of
Pakistan due to such dire conditions.
5 Sharia and Women’s rights in Afghanistan
Author_Anastasiya Hozyainova
In this article Anastasiya Hozyainova presents the
detailed data and law of women’s rights in Afghanistan. Under the rule of the
Taliban, the lives of women are disasters.
Article says that women’s rights may be at even greater risk in the near
future. The already limited public role for women has been reduced further in
recent years in response to an increasing number of attacks (physical and
political) on women who participate in public life.
Women’s rights organizations, activists, and legal aid
organizations have noted that they Would benefit from greater access to legal
resources and experts on sharia. Such demands Might be met by institutes of
learning, international donors, or Islamic legal professionals. Women’s rights
activists and organizations should evaluate their engagement with religious
Leaders, especially at the community level, to determine whether their current
work might Benefit from or be harmed by engaging with wider Islamic legal arguments
STEP: 3
Reorganize the ‘order’: Your ‘hypothesis’
shall guide you in reorganizing. This re-ordering depends on the flow of your
arguments. Make your own trajectory.
“Emerging
Areas of Human Rights in the 21st Century: The Role of the Universal
Declaration of Human Rights” was written by Abdullahi Ahmed An-Na’im. It
was published by Routledge, an academic publisher of books, journals, and
online resources in the humanities and social sciences. One of the strengths of
An-Na’im’s book is its focus on practical solutions for protecting human rights
in the face of these new challenges. He argues that international institutions,
civil society organizations, and governments must work together to develop new
frameworks for protecting human rights in these emerging areas. This includes
creating new international treaties, establishing new human rights
institutions, and developing new policies and programs to address the specific
challenges facing these groups.
The concept of human rights become relevant in
ordinary people when the relative
security of everyday life is absent or snatched away. It has been said
that human rights are most needed when they are most violeted. The Universal
declaration claims that human rights are the foundation of freedom, justice and
peace, but does not say how these values are related conceptually or
empirically.
Moreover in the book “Human Rights: An
interdisciplinary Approach” Freeman focus on the rise and fall of natural
rights, justice and rights, Universality Diversity and difference: Culture and
Human rights,etc,.
Anastasiya Hozyainova presents
the detailed data and law of women’s rights in Afghanistan. Under the rule of
the Taliban, the lives of women are disasters.
Article says that women’s rights may be at even greater risk in the near
future. The already limited public role for women has been reduced further in
recent years in response to an increasing number of attacks (physical and
political) on women who participate in public life.
Women’s rights organizations, activists, and legal aid
organizations have noted that they Would benefit from greater access to legal
resources and experts on sharia. Such demands Might be met by institutes of
learning, international donors, or Islamic legal professionals. Women’s rights
activists and organizations should evaluate their engagement with religious
Leaders, especially at the community level, to determine whether their current
work might Benefit from or be harmed by engaging with wider Islamic legal arguments.
Sikandar Ansari makes sense of Who
is Taliban? And it’s historical background. He writes, The word Taliban is a
Pashtun word. It means student. Looking at the history of the Taliban, a new
government was formed in Afghanistan after the Soviet-Afghan war. After the
formation of new government, it is believed that this new government failed to
establish peace. That is why the conflict of power started between various
organization in Afghanistan. In this situation, a popular religious
organization ‘Mujaheddin’ emerged. This organization started with 50 students
from a small madrasah in Kandahar. This organization was later renamed the
‘Taliban’.
Elisabeth Reichert demonstrate how
approaching social work from a human rights perspective can profoundly affect
legislation, resource management, and enforcement of policies. She writes,
However, in applying human rights to contemporary situations, social workers
often encounter challenges that require thinking outside the box.
STEP : 4
Now write introductory and concluding
lines. These lines shall be written to ‘hook paragraphs’ with each other. Write
in such a way so the ‘transitions’ from one paragraph to another helps the
‘flow of ideas’.
Human rights argues the issues through a wide range of
literary texts, fiction, plays and poetry contends that literature documents
both the basic human aspirations of happiness, security and hope, as well as
the violation of these aspirations.
Deprivation, discrimination, human rights violations mental health of
the deprived, and perennial alienations everything is how inter contacted with
the Human Rights and Khaled Hosseini how woven all the threads in his
historical fiction is the key focus of study. Human rights and world literature
are closely linked as literature can be a powerful tool to raise awareness and
advocate for human rights issues.
Literature has
the ability to capture and convey the experiences of individuals who have been
marginalized, oppressed, or victimized in their societies, and can serve as a
means to challenge dominant narratives and promote empathy and understanding. Through
literature, authors can explore the complexities of social and political issues
related to human rights, including discrimination, inequality, and injustice.
In addition to shedding light on specific human rights issues, literature can
also promote the values of human rights, such as dignity, equality, and
freedom. Through works that celebrate diversity and challenge oppressive
structures, literature can inspire readers to recognize and respect the
inherent worth and rights of all individuals. Furthermore, literature can also
serve as a means to promote cultural exchange and understanding, which is a
crucial aspect of human rights work. By exposing readers to different
perspectives and experiences, literature can help to bridge divides and foster
empathy and mutual respect. Overall, human rights and world literature are closely intertwined, as
literature can be a powerful tool for raising awareness, promoting
understanding, and advocating for the values of human rights. Now, as
conflict intensifies with the U.S.-led war against terrorism, Afghan women face
the likelihood of further suffering and deprivation of their human rights,
fundamental freedoms, and personal dignity at the hands of warring factions.
Additionally, women are likely to endure some of the most serious humanitarian
consequences of the military action. As the international community, and
particularly the U.N., ponders the future of a post-conflict Afghanistan,
accountability for past abuses and respect for women’s rights – in law and in
practice – must be a central feature of any reconstruction and development
plan.
STEP: 5
Now write ‘Concluding Paragraph’ of the
‘Review of Related Literature’. Start with clear, strong and concrete
statement. Make your conclusions about your ‘Literature Review’.
In conclusion, this literature review highlights the
importance of human rights as a fundamental aspect of a just and equitable
society. It has explored various themes and issues related to human rights
literature, including the historical evolution of human rights, the challenges
faced by different marginalized groups, and the role of international
organizations in promoting and protecting human rights. Despite the progress
made in recent years, the review also highlights the persistence of human rights violations in many parts of the world. It is
evident that human rights issues remain a critical area of concern for
scholars, policymakers, and activists alike. Therefore, it is crucial to
continue researching and addressing human rights issues to ensure a world where
every individual’s fundamental rights and freedoms are protected and respected.
The literature on human rights has demonstrated the complexity and significance
of this topic. Through a range of perspectives and approaches, scholars have
highlighted the importance of promoting and protecting
human rights in order to ensure the dignity, equality, and freedom of
individuals and communities. While there remain challenges and debates
surrounding human rights, the literature reviewed in this paper has shown that
it is a crucial area for ongoing research and action. understanding of human
rights and work towards a more just and equitable world.
STEP: 6
Now, write ‘Introduction’. The thesis
statement shall be ‘last’ in the Introduction and ‘first’ in the conclusion
Conclusion
By and large this study focuses more on Human’s
rights. It addition the civil war, women have taken the biggest hits. Moreover,
the Taliban have denied them access to all basic freedoms and rights, such as
the right to free speech, association, and mobility, as well as to equal
employment and educational opportunities. Afghan women now risk more suffering
and deprivation of their human rights, fundamental freedoms, and personal
dignity at the hands of warring factions as the conflict deepens with the U.S.-led
battle against terrorism. Women are also expected to suffer from some of the
military action’s most severe humanitarian impacts. As the U.N. and the rest of
the international community consider Afghanistan’s post-conflict future.
Hosseini’s works, particularly his first two novels, “The Kite Runner” and “A
Thousand Splendid Suns,” are set against the backdrop of Afghanistan’s
turbulent recent history and delve into the experiences of characters who are
marginalized, oppressed, and deprived of their basic human rights. Hosseini’s
novels shed light on the human rights violations and social injustice that are
prevalent in Afghanistan and other conflict-ridden regions. His works highlight
the experiences of individuals who are marginalized, oppressed, and deprived of
their basic rights, and their struggle to overcome these obstacles. Hosseini’s
writings are a powerful reminder of the need for greater empathy,
understanding, and action to address the human rights challenges faced by many
communities around the world.
Introduction
Afghanistan has a long history of human rights
violations, which has been exacerbated by decades of conflict and war. The
country has been in a state of near-constant war for more than four decades,
with various factions and governments committing atrocities against civilians
and violating their basic human rights. Despite these challenges, there have
been some positive developments in recent years. The Afghan government has made
efforts to improve the human rights situation, including passing laws to protect
women’s rights and increasing access to education. However, the ongoing
conflict in the country and the resurgence of the Taliban have made it
difficult to make significant progress.
Literature Review of “Deprivation of the
Human Rights and Perennial Alienation in the Novels of Khaled Hosseini
Introduction
Afghanistan has a
long history of human rights violations, which has been exacerbated by decades
of conflict and war. The country has been in a state of near-constant war for
more than four decades, with various factions and governments committing atrocities
against civilians and violating their basic human rights. Despite these
challenges, there have been some positive developments in recent years. The
Afghan government has made efforts to improve the human rights situation,
including passing laws to protect women’s rights and increasing access to
education. However, the ongoing conflict in the country and the resurgence of
the Taliban have made it difficult to make significant progress.
“Emerging Areas of Human Rights in the 21st
Century: The Role of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights” was written
by Abdullahi Ahmed An-Na’im. It was published by Routledge, an academic
publisher of books, journals, and online resources in the humanities and social
sciences. One of the strengths of An-Na’im’s book is its focus on practical
solutions for protecting human rights in the face of these new challenges. He
argues that international institutions, civil society organizations, and
governments must work together to develop new frameworks for protecting human
rights in these emerging areas. This includes creating new international
treaties, establishing new human rights institutions, and developing new
policies and programs to address the specific challenges facing these groups.
The concept of human rights become relevant in
ordinary people when the relative
security of everyday life is absent or snatched away. It has been said
that human rights are most needed when they are most violeted. The Universal
declaration claims that human rights are the foundation of freedom, justice and
peace, but does not say how these values are related conceptually or
empirically.
Moreover in the book “Human Rights: An
interdisciplinary Approach” Freeman focus on the rise and fall of natural
rights, justice and rights, Universality Diversity and difference: Culture and
Human rights,etc,.
Anastasiya Hozyainova presents
the detailed data and law of women’s rights in Afghanistan. Under the rule of
the Taliban, the lives of women are disasters.
Article says that women’s rights may be at even greater risk in the near
future. The already limited public role for women has been reduced further in
recent years in response to an increasing number of attacks (physical and
political) on women who participate in public life.
Women’s rights organizations, activists, and legal aid
organizations have noted that they Would benefit from greater access to legal
resources and experts on sharia. Such demands Might be met by institutes of
learning, international donors, or Islamic legal professionals. Women’s rights
activists and organizations should evaluate their engagement with religious
Leaders, especially at the community level, to determine whether their current
work might Benefit from or be harmed by engaging with wider Islamic legal
arguments.
Sikandar Ansari makes sense of Who
is Taliban? And it’s historical background. He writes, The word Taliban is a
Pashtun word. It means student. Looking at the history of the Taliban, a new
government was formed in Afghanistan after the Soviet-Afghan war. After the
formation of new government, it is believed that this new government failed to
establish peace. That is why the conflict of power started between various
organization in Afghanistan. In this situation, a popular religious
organization ‘Mujaheddin’ emerged. This organization started with 50 students
from a small madrasah in Kandahar. This organization was later renamed the
‘Taliban’.
Elisabeth Reichert demonstrate how
approaching social work from a human rights perspective can profoundly affect
legislation, resource management, and enforcement of policies. She writes,
However, in applying human rights to contemporary situations, social workers
often encounter challenges that require thinking outside the box.
By and large this study focuses more on Human’s
rights. It addition the civil war, women have taken the biggest hits. Moreover,
the Taliban have denied them access to all basic freedoms and rights, such as
the right to free speech, association, and mobility, as well as to equal
employment and educational opportunities. Afghan women now risk more suffering
and deprivation of their human rights, fundamental freedoms, and personal
dignity at the hands of warring factions as the conflict deepens with the U.S.-led
battle against terrorism. Women are also expected to suffer from some of the
military action’s most severe humanitarian impacts. As the U.N. and the rest of
the international community consider Afghanistan’s post-conflict future.
Hosseini’s works, particularly his first two novels, “The Kite Runner” and “A
Thousand Splendid Suns,” are set against the backdrop of Afghanistan’s
turbulent recent history and delve into the experiences of characters who are
marginalized, oppressed, and deprived of their basic human rights. Hosseini’s
novels shed light on the human rights violations and social injustice that are
prevalent in Afghanistan and other conflict-ridden regions. His works highlight
the experiences of individuals who are marginalized, oppressed, and deprived of
their basic rights, and their struggle to overcome these obstacles. Hosseini’s
writings are a powerful reminder of the need for greater empathy,
understanding, and action to address the human rights challenges faced by many
communities around the world.
Conclusion
In conclusion, literature on human rights has
demonstrated the complexity and significance of this topic. Through a range of
perspectives and approaches, scholars have highlighted the importance of
promoting and protecting human rights in order to ensure the dignity, equality,
and freedom of individuals and communities. While there remain challenges and
debates surrounding human rights, the literature reviewed in this paper has
shown that it is a crucial area for ongoing research and action. By continuing
to engage with this topic, scholars and practitioners can contribute to a
deeper understanding of human rights and work towards a more just and equitable
world.
